Śrī Caitanya-bhāgavata - Śrīla Vṛndāvana dāsa Ṭhākura
Commentary by Śrīla Bhaktisiddhānta Sarasvatī Ṭhākura
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.18
catur-dik haite loka navadvīpe yāya
navadvīpe paḍile se vidyā-rasa pāya
TRANSLATION
People came from all over India to study in Navadvīpa, for if one studied in Navadvīpa he got a taste for education.
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.19
cāṭigrāma-nivāsī o aneke tathāya
paḍena vaiṣṇava saba rahena gaṅgāya
TRANSLATION
Many Vaiṣṇavas came from Caṭṭagrāma to live on the bank of the Ganges and study in Navadvīpa.
COMMENTARY
In order to study, the residents of the distant village of Caṭṭagrāma resided on the bank of the Ganges in Navadvīpa.
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.20
sabei janmiyāchena prabhura ājñāya
sabei virakta kṛṣṇa-bhakta sarvathāya
TRANSLATION
They were all renounced devotees of Kṛṣṇa and had taken birth by the order of the Lord.
COMMENTARY
By the desire of Gaurasundara, all the devotees who had appeared in this world at that time became totally indifferent to material objects and constantly engaged in worshiping Kṛṣṇa.
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.21
anyo ‘nye mili’ sabe paḍiyā śuniyā
karena govinda-carcā nibhṛte vasiyā
TRANSLATION
After school hours, they regularly met together in a solitary place to discuss topics of Lord Kṛṣṇa.
COMMENTARY
Not receiving any encouragement for worshiping Kṛṣṇa from Śrī Gaurasundara, the Vaiṣṇavas of that time cultivated Kṛṣṇa consciousness in seclusion. Wherever there is no direct manifestation of the Supreme Lord or His dear associate, nirjana-bhajana, or solitary worship of the Lord, is appropriate. Otherwise it is prescribed that one should engage in hari-kīrtana only under the guidance of the Supreme Lord or His devotee.
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.22
sarva-vaiṣṇavera priya mukunda ekānta
mukundera gāne drave’ sakala mahānta
TRANSLATION
Śrī Mukunda was most dear to all the Vaiṣṇavas. Their hearts all melted when He sang.
COMMENTARY
Those who are detached from material enjoyment and engaged in worshiping the Supreme Lord are called mahāntas, or Vaiṣṇavas. On hearing Mukunda singing about the pastimes of Lord Hari, the hearts of such great souls melted.
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.23
vikāla haile āsi’ bhāgavata-gaṇa
advaita-sabhāya sabe hayena milana
TRANSLATION
In the afternoon all the devotees regularly met in the house of Advaita Prabhu.
COMMENTARY
After completing their days work, the devotees gathered in the afternoons at the house of Advaita Ācārya Prabhu in Śrī Māyāpur. Since Śrī Gaurasundara had not yet manifest His pastimes as the shelter of the devotees, Śrī Advaita Prabhu was the shelter of all Vaiṣṇavas.
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.24
yei-mātra mukunda gāyena kṛṣṇa-gīta
hena nāhi jāni, kebā paḍe kon bhita?
TRANSLATION
As soon as Mukunda would begin singing about Kṛṣṇa, everyone there fell to the ground in ecstatic love.
COMMENTARY
After hearing Mukunda sing about Kṛṣṇa, all the listeners became overwhelmed with love of God and fell on the ground here and there.
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.25
keha kānde, keha hāse, keha nṛtya kare
gaḍā-gaḍi yāya keha vastra nā sambare
TRANSLATION
Some of them cried, some laughed, and others danced. The clothes of some persons scattered as they rolled on the ground.
COMMENTARY
The words vastra nā sambare indicate that they were unable to keep their clothes in order.
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.26
huṅkāra karaye keha mālsāṭ māre
keha giyā mukundera dui pāye dhare
TRANSLATION
Someone roared as he challenged the agents of Māyā, and someone else caught hold of Mukunda’s feet.
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.27
ei-mata uṭheya paramānanda-sukha
nā jāne vaiṣṇava saba āra kona duḥkha
TRANSLATION
In this way the Vaiṣṇavas enjoyed great ecstasy and forgot all forms of distress.
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.28
prabhu o mukunda-prati baḍa sukhī mane
dekhilei mukundere dharena āpane
TRANSLATION
The Lord was most satisfied with Mukunda. Whenever the Lord saw him, He would stop him.
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.29
prabhu jijñāsena phāṅki, vākhāne mukunda
prabhu bole,—“kichu nahe”, āra lāge dvandva
TRANSLATION
The Lord would then ask Mukunda for some clarification on a point, and when Mukunda answered Him, the Lord would say, “Wrong!” and immediately an argument would begin.
COMMENTARY
Whatever Mukunda replied when challenged by the Lord, the Lord would immediately reject, and as a result they would begin to quarrel.
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.30
mukunda paṇḍita baḍa, prabhura prabhāve
pakṣa-pratipakṣa kari’ prabhu-sane lāge
TRANSLATION
By the mercy of the Lord, Mukunda was very learned. Thus he was able to present arguments and counter-arguments to Nimāi’s challenge.
COMMENTARY
By the mercy of the Lord there was no end to Mukunda’s knowledge. Mukunda engaged in a war of words with the Lord through his debate and counter-debate.
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.31
ei-mata prabhu nija-sevaka ciniñā
jijñāsena phāṅki, sabe yāyena hāriyā
TRANSLATION
In this way the Lord recognized His devotees by challenging them for clarification on some point, but they were all defeated in the ensuing argument.
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.32
śrīvāsādi dekhile o phāṅki jijñāsena
mithyā-vākya-vyaya-bhahe sabe palāyena
TRANSLATION
Śrīvāsa and other devotees were all challenged in this way by the Lord, but they would all run away in fear of wasting time in useless arguments.
COMMENTARY
Fearful of useless talk, in the form of being challenged by Nimāi, the devotees headed by Śrīvāsa would run away from Him in order to avoid confrontation. Although the devotees were qualified to engage in philosophical debate, they were not eager to indulge in arguments on inconceivable subjects since dry arguments are inconclusive.
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.33
sahaje virakta sabe śrī-kṛṣṇera rase
kṛṣṇa-vyākhyā vinu āra kichu nāhi vāse
TRANSLATION
The devotees were naturally detached due to their advancement in Kṛṣṇa consciousness. They did not care to hear anything other than topics related with Lord Kṛṣṇa.
COMMENTARY
The rasika devotees of Adhokṣaja Kṛṣṇa are naturally detached from all objects not related with Kṛṣṇa. Their resolute love was displayed by their seeing everything in relationship with Kṛṣṇa. Because they realized the necessity of having a taste for Kṛṣṇa consciousness, they considered the taste for inferior objects to be useless.
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.34
dekhilei prabhu mātra phāṅki se jijñāse
prabodhite nāre keha, śeṣe upahāse
TRANSLATION
As soon as the Lord saw any devotee, He would challenge him; and when he failed to give the correct response, the Lord would tease him.
COMMENTARY
Whenever Nimāi met a devotee, He would greatly disturb him with His challenges. The devotees could not check Nimāi by answering His challenges, therefore all their arguments ultimately ended in Nimāi teasing them.
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.35
yadi keha dekhe,—prabhu āisena dūre
sabe pālāyena phāṅki-jijñāsāra ḍare
TRANSLATION
If any of them saw the Lord coming in the distance, they would run away out of fear of being challenged.
COMMENTARY
Fearful of uselessly wasting time in insignificant material arguments, the devotees of the Lord always avoided coming face to face with Nimāi. In order to avoid meeting Him, they kept a distance from Him.
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.36
kṛṣṇa-kathā śunitei sabe bhālavāse
phāṅki vinu prabhu kṛṣṇa-kathā nā jijñāse
TRANSLATION
The devotees all loved to hear topics concerning Lord Kṛṣṇa, but Nimāi did not mention anything about Kṛṣṇa when He challenged them.
COMMENTARY
The devotees loved to hear topics of Kṛṣṇa, but the Lord bewildered them with subjects not related to Kṛṣṇa for the purpose of keeping Himself unknown or hidden from the devotees, thus maintaining His covered status.
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.37
rāja-patha diyā prabhu āisena eka-dina
paḍuyāra saṅge mahā-auddhatera cina
TRANSLATION
One day, as Nimāi walked on the main street with His students, He displayed symptoms of great pride.
COMMENTARY
While engaged in a battle of words with the students, Nimāi often exhibited impudence or arrogance.
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.38
mukunda yāyena gaṅgā-snāna karibāre
prabhu dekhi’ āḍe palāilā katho dūre
TRANSLATION
At that time Mukunda was on his way to take bath in the Ganges, but when he saw Nimāi coming, he ran away.
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.39-40
dekhi’ prabhu jijñāsena govindera sthāne
“e beṭā āmāre dekhi’ palāila’ kene?”
govinda bolena,—“āmi nā jāni, paṇḍita!
āra kona-kārye vā calila kon-bhita”
TRANSLATION
Seeing this, the Lord inquired from Govinda: “Why did this boy run away upon seeing Me?”
Govinda replied: “O Paṇḍita, I don’t know. Perhaps he went somewhere for some work.”
COMMENTARY
The Govinda referred to in this verse is not the blacksmith Govinda; he was the Lord’s associate, servant, and doorkeeper at that time.
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.41
prabhu bole,—“jānilāṅa ye lāgi’ palāya
bahirmukha-sambhāṣā karite nā yuyāya
TRANSLATION
The Lord said, “I know the reason why he’s avoiding Me. He does not want to speak with a non-devotee.”
COMMENTARY
Speaking on subject matters not related to Kṛṣṇa is materialist speech. Conditioned souls engage material objects in their sense gratification with the help of their mind. Then, induced by material knowledge, the conditioned souls forget topics of Kṛṣṇa and spend their time discussing topics related with the external energy. Those who are self-realized engage themselves in topics that are useful for the service of Hari. The conclusion is that a living entity should never waste time discussing anything other than topics of Hari.
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.42
e beṭā paḍaye yata vaiṣṇavera śāstra
pāṅjī, vṛtti, ṭīkā āmi vākhāniye mātra
TRANSLATION
“This boy studies only Vaiṣṇava literatures, while I explain only pāṅjī, vṛtti, and ṭīkā.
COMMENTARY
The words vaiṣṇavera śāstra refer to Śrīmad Bhāgavatam, which is the principle commentary on the Bādarāyaṇa-sūtras, or Brahma-sūtras. It is stated:
śrīmad-bhāgavataṁ purāṇam amalaṁ yad vaiṣṇavānāṁ priyam
“Śrīmad Bhāgavatam is the spotless Purāṇa and is most dear to the Vaiṣṇavas.”
These words also refer to the six Vaiṣṇava Purāṇas, headed by the Viṣṇu Purāṇa and the Padma Purāṇa; the Vaiṣṇava smṛtis, such as that of Hārīta, from among the twenty Dharma-śāstras, headed by that of Manu; the śrutis, such as Gopāla-tāpanī and Nṛsiṁha-tāpanī; the histories, such as the Mahābhārata and the original Rāmāyaṇa; the Sātvata Pañcarātras headed by the Nārada, Hayaśīrṣa, and Prahlāda; and the literatures written by exalted pure devotees.
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.43
āmāra sambhāṣe nāhi kṛṣṇera kathana
ataeva āmā’ dekhi’ kare palāyana
TRANSLATION
“I do not speak anything about Kṛṣṇa, therefore He ran away when he saw Me.”
COMMENTARY
Since Śrī Gaurasundara’s statements contained no mention of the qualities of Kṛṣṇa, the devotees left Him in the distance and went far away.
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.44
santoṣe pāḍena gāli prabhu mukundere
vyapadeśe prakāśa karena āpanāre
TRANSLATION
The Lord called Mukunda some ill names, yet He was actually satisfied with him. At the same time He indirectly disclosed His identity.
COMMENTARY
Being satisfied at heart, the Lord manifested His own identity on the pretext of externally chastising Mukunda; in other words, He approved the discussion of hari-kathā. The devotees of Rāma discuss the names of Sītā-Rāma rather than the names of Rādhā-Kṛṣṇa, but their external exhibition of such difference in opinion is actually another way of hearing the names of Rādhā and Kṛṣṇa. Similarly, the devotees of Kṛṣṇa chant the names of Rādhā-Govinda before the devotees of Rāma in order to test their qualification for chanting the names of Sītā-Rāma, the names indicating the regulative opulent feature of the Lord. Such quarrels in the service of Lord Hari are just contradictions of internal and external endeavours.
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.45
prabhu bole,—“āre beṭā kata dina thāka?
palāile kothā mora eḍāibe pāka?”
TRANSLATION
The Lord said, “My dear boy, how long will you avoid My clutches? Do you think you will escape My association by running away?”
COMMENTARY
The word pāka (pac+ghaña, or a corruption of the word parikramā?) means “by chance or accident,” “device,” or “trick.”
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.46
hāsi’ bole prabhu—“āge paḍoṅ kata-dina
tabe se dekhibā-mora vaiṣṇavera cina
TRANSLATION
Smiling, the Lord said, “When I finish My studies, then you will all see My Vaiṣṇava qualities.”
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.47
e-mata vaiṣṇava mui haimu saṁsāre
aja-bhava āsibeka āmāra duyāre
TRANSLATION
“I will be such a Vaiṣṇava that Brahmā and Śiva will come to My door.”
COMMENTARY
The authoritative demigods like Lord Brahmā and Lord Śiva are the dear friends of the Vaiṣṇavas. Brahmā, Śiva, Nārada, and others make an auspicious appearance wherever there are Vaiṣṇavas who are attached to the service of the Lord. By worldly considerations, the demigods are very exalted. But the arrival of demigods at the doors of Vaiṣṇavas, with whom they are affectionately bound, is a display of their humility.
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.48
śunā, bhāi saba, ei āmāra vacana
vaiṣṇava haimu mui sarva-vilakṣaṇa
TRANSLATION
“My dear brothers, listen to Me. I will certainly become an extraordinary Vaiṣṇava.”
COMMENTARY
The word sarva-vilakṣaṇa refers to one who is more attached to the service of the Lord than all other Vaiṣṇavas. While comparing the levels of abhidheya, in order to ascertain who is the best of the souls surrendered to the Supreme Lord, Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī has written in his Upadeśāmṛta as follows:
“In the śāstra it is said that of all types of fruitive workers, he who is advanced in knowledge of the higher values of life is favoured by the Supreme Lord Hari. Out of many such people who are advanced in knowledge [jñānīs], one who is practically liberated by virtue of his knowledge may take to devotional service. He is superior to the others. However, one who has actually attained prema, pure love of Kṛṣṇa, is superior to him. The gopīs are exalted above all the advanced devotees because they are always totally dependent upon Śrī Kṛṣṇa, the transcendental cowherd boy. Among the gopīs, Śrīmatī Rādhārāṇī is the dearest to Kṛṣṇa. Her kuṇḍa [lake] is as profoundly dear to Lord Kṛṣṇa as this most beloved of the gopīs. Who, then, will not reside at Rādhā-kuṇḍa and, in a spiritual body surcharged with ecstatic devotional feelings [aprākṛta-bhāva], render loving service to the divine couple Śrī Śrī Rādhā-Govinda, who perform Their aṣṭa-kālīya-līlā, Their eternal eightfold daily pastimes. Indeed, those who execute devotional service on the banks of Rādhā-kuṇḍa are the most fortunate people in the universe.”
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.49
āmāre dekhiyā ebe ye-saba palāya
tāhārā o yena mora guṇa-kīrti gāya”
TRANSLATION
“Those who run away from Me today will chant My glories and qualities tomorrow.”
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.50
eteka baliyā prabhu calilā hāsite
ghare gelā nija-śiṣya-gaṇera sahite
TRANSLATION
After speaking in this way, Nimāi smiled and returned home with His students.
CB Ādi-khaṇḍa 11.51
ei-mata raṅga kare viśvambhara-rāya
ke tā’ne jānite pāre, yadi nā jānāya?
TRANSLATION
Who can understand these pastimes enjoyed by Lord Viśvambhara unless He reveals them?
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